Nursing Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing Literature - Essay Example According to Davis et.al. (2003) there is no difference in the use of CPM post operatively or not. This study used randomized patients studied in three different group through a six month period. They looked at length of stay, pain control and flexion of the knee. The results of the research should that there was no difference in range of motion, pain, or utilization of services between patients that had just physical therapy and patients who also have CPM. This was supported by a study done by Denis et.al.(2006). This group performed a randomized control trial that was very similar and weighted the use of CPM in different intervals ranging from 35 minutes per day to continuous ROM. These were compared to patients who had active physical therapy. The results showed that there was no difference between the results of each of the combinations of therapy. Controversy comes when Wells et.al. (2008) did a meta-analysis of 14 studies. This analysis showed that in 14 randomized control trials the results were that CPM and PT increased active knee flexion and reduced hospital stay as well as pain and increased range of motion. Again, however, in the study done by Bruun-Olsen et.al (2009) in a randomized control trial done with active exercises versus CPM, results were very similar to other studies noted for this paper. There were not statistical differences noted between the control group and the trial group. Lenssen et.al. (2008) essentially agrees in his comparison of CPM during the 1st rehab phase to active physical therapy without CPM. This study shows only slight improvement with the use of CPM and is supported by Grilla (2008) who finds no support for CPM as improving any outcomes. In conclusion, of the six studies that were reviewed, only one supported the use of CPM for increased motion, reduced length of stay or reduced pain. One, which was a meta-analysis did support it but is vague in its content. From these six studies alone, there is no evidence based answer. There is reason to further research the use of CPM in post of knee replacement. References Bruun-Olsen, V., Heiberg, K. & Mengshoel, A. (2009). Continuous passive motion as an adjunct to active exercises in early rehabilitation following total knee arthroplasty. Disability and Rehabilitiation. 31(4). 277-283. Retrieved from Academic

BUS303 MODULE 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BUS303 MODULE 1 - Assignment Example Additionally, defamatory statements should be avoided because the company will take them with a lot of seriousness. This may entail filling a court suit against employees who tend to use defamatory statements when sending their emails, the company may further terminate the services rendered by employees who continue violating company email announcement policies. This means that they should disclose their contact details such as names, employee pin address, phone numbers, email address and the subject of their emails. The company will not accept emails containing graphics because the company would consider them less formal and unprofessional. Any email received from employees and all the stakeholders will be maintained in the company data base for future references and communication. Incase of clarity and quick responses employees are advised to follow the procedure of filling the forms available in the company website. Connectively, employees are advised to close check their emails b efore they press a sent button in order to clarify any unclear issue. On the contrary, XYZ company will ensure that all email sent by employees comply with the company email policies. In above connection, email sent will be treated with a lot of confidentiality and that no email sent by employees will be disclosed to any third party without the consent of the recipient. Additionally, after the company has received an email from employees or any other stake holder, an automatic email notification will be sent within twenty four hours to show the recipient that the XYZ Company is in receipt of an email sent. Afterwards, the relevant department will review the email sent and provide necessary feedback within two to five business days whereby, weekends and holidays will not be considered as business days. During the review the relevant department will assess whether the email sent is in compliance with the company email policy guidelines as provided in the book let. The company is looki ng forward to supply email policy booklet that provide a comprehensive discussion of the email policy guidelines. Incase of any assistance, employees are encouraged to seek for the advice in order to ensure that email policies are followed to the latter. Therefore, employees are advised to read the XYZ Company email policy guidelines and adhere to them until further announcements are made. From the Managing Director, XYZ Company Signature Summary on email policy announcement The main aim of adopting new email announcement policies is because the XYZ Company is contemplating global expansion to diversify its portfolio into other nation across the world. Therefore, the company wants to be more professional unlike before when dealing with its employees and all the relevant stakeholders (Christensen, Para, 3). This is because by being professional the company will attract numerous investors from the diaspora as many investors would have confidence with the company (Christensen, Para, 3- 5). The policy of ensuring that an email addressed to XYZ Company are precised and to the point may help to capture the necessary information without much strain and therefore, efficiency and effectiveness in communication will be enhanced (Johnson, PP.14-17). Connectively, the policy of using non defamatory statement aims at ensuring that the information